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Avian
Influenza Infection in Humans
Although avian influenza A viruses usually do not infect
humans, several instances of human infections have been
reported since 1997. Most cases of avian influenza infection
in humans are thought to have resulted from direct contact
with infected poultry or contaminated surfaces. However,
there is still a lot to learn about how different subtypes
and strains of avian influenza virus might affect humans.
For example, it is not known how the distinction between
low pathogenic and highly pathogenic strains might impact
the health risk to humans. (For more information, see
“Low Pathogenic versus Highly Pathogenic Avian
Influenza Viruses” on the CDC Influenza
Viruses Web page.
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Because
of concerns about the potential for more widespread infection
in the human population, public health authorities closely
monitor outbreaks of human illness associated with avian influenza.
To date, human infections with avian influenza A viruses detected
since 1997 have not resulted in sustained human-to-human transmission.
However, because influenza A viruses have the potential to
change and gain the ability to spread easily between people,
monitoring for human infection and person-to-person transmission
is important. (See Information
about Influenza Pandemics for more information.)
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Confirmed
instances of avian influenza viruses infecting humans
since 1997
- H5N1,
Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, 1997
- H9N2,
China and Hong Kong , Special Administrative Region,
1999
- H7N2,
Virginia , 2002
- H5N1,
China and Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region,
2003
- H7N7,
Netherlands, 2003
- H9N2,
Hong Kong , Special Administrative Region, 2003
- H7N2,
New York , 2003
- H7N3
in Canada, 2004
- H5N1,
Thailand & Vietnam, 2004, & other outbreaks
in Asia during 2004 and 2005
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